Operators In python

Operators in python are used to perform different operations on variables or values. That is basic arithmetic or a logical operation.

Types of Operators:

1. Arithmetic operators
2. Comparison operators
3. Logical operators
4. Assignment operators
5. Bitwise Operators
6. Special Operators

 For example:

>>>2+3
5

In the above example, we have done an arithmetic operation between values 2 and 3. The program output was 6.

Let us discuss different types of operators that are used in python.

ARITHMETIC OPERATORS:

These operators are responsible for performing arithmetic operations.

Example -1

x = 20
y = 3

# Output: x + y = 23
print('x + y =',x+y)

# Output: x - y = 17
print('x - y =',x-y)

# Output: x * y = 60
print('x * y =',x*y)

# Output: x / y = 6.666666666666667
print('x / y =',x/y)

# Output: x // y = 6
print('x // y =',x//y)

# Output: x ** y = 8000
print('x ** y =',x**y)

Output of example-1

x + y = 23
x - y = 17
x * y = 60
x / y = 6.666666666666667
x // y = 6
x ** y = 8000

COMPARISON OPERATORS:

Comparisons operators are used to comparing values. If the argument is True it returns True or it returns False.

Example -2

x = 11
y = 15

# Output: x > y is False
print('x > y is',x>y)

# Output: x < y is True
print('x < y is',x<y)

# Output: x == y is False
print('x == y is',x==y)

# Output: x != y is True
print('x != y is',x!=y)

# Output: x >= y is False
print('x >= y is',x>=y)

# Output: x <= y is True
print('x <= y is',x<=y)

Output of example-2

x > y is False
x < y is True
x == y is False
x != y is True
x >= y is False
x <= y is True

LOGICAL OPERATORS:

Logical operators are also used to comparing values. If the argument is True it returns True or it returns False.

Example -3

x = True
y = False

print('x and y is',x and y)

print('x or y is',x or y)

print('not x is',not x)

Output of example-3

x and y is False
x or y is True
not x is False

ASSIGNMENT OPERATORS:

Assignment operators are used in Python to assign values to variables.

BITWISE OPERATORS:

Bitwise operators act on operands as if they were strings of binary digits. They operate bit by bit, hence the name.

SPECIAL OPERATORS:

Python language offers some special types of operators like the identity operator or the membership operator. They are described below with examples.

Identity operators:

is and is not are the identity operators in Python. They are used to check if two values (or variables) are located on the same part of the memory. Two variables that are equal do not imply that they are identical.

Example -4

x1 = 5
y1 = 5
x2 = 'Hello'
y2 = 'Hello'
x3 = [1,2,3]
y3 = [1,2,3]

# Output: False
print(x1 is not y1)

# Output: True
print(x2 is y2)

# Output: False
print(x3 is y3)

Output of example-4

False
True
False

Membership operators:

in and not in are the membership operators in Python. They are used to test whether a value or variable is found in a sequence (string, list, tuple, set, and dictionary).

In a dictionary, we can only test for the presence of a key, not the value.

Example -5

x = 'Hello world'
y = {1:'a',2:'b'}

# Output: True
print('H' in x)

# Output: True
print('hello' not in x)

# Output: True
print(1 in y)

# Output: False
print('a' in y)